IMJ Health : August 2017

Medical Journal: Published volume-3, Issue-8, August 2017 with ad publications

A comparative study of efficacy of micro-needling alone versus micro-needling with autologous platelet rich plasma in facial atrophic acne scars

Abstract— Post acne scarring is a consequence of abnormal resolution or wound healing following the damage that occurs in the sebaceous follicle during acne inflammation. The present study was undertaken to compare the improvement in facial atrophic acne scars by micro-needling alone and combination of micro-needling with autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP). A prospective, observer blinded, comparative interventional study was conducted on 50 patients of facial atrophic acne scars fulfilling inclusion criteria. They were randomly divided into two group of 25 each i.e. group ‘A’ (micro-needling alone) and group ‘B’ (micro-needling with PRP). Three sessions on monthly interval were conducted and Final follow up was done at 4th month. They were evaluated by Goodman and Baron’s quantitative and qualitative grading scale, for clinical improvement and for patient’s satisfaction. Although qualitative and quantitative improvement was observed in both the groups but the improvement in group ‘B’ was more than ‘A’ on Goodman and Baron’s quantitative and qualitative grading scale, however it was not statistically significant. On clinical improvement and on patient satisfaction, group ‘B’ had better results than group ‘A’ which was statistically significant (p<0.05). It was concluded that Micro-needling with autologous PRP is simple, safe and cost-effective procedure for facial atrophic acne scars. Micro-needling when combined with autologous PRP provides better overall clinical improvement. It is suggested that PRP should be considered as an adjuvant therapeutic option along with micro-needling in the management of atrophic acne scars.

Keywords: Micro-needling, Goodman and Baron’s quantitative and qualitative grading scale, post acne scar, Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP).

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Evaluation of Genetic DNA damage in the agricultural workers exposed to combined action of pesticides in Jonia area of Barpeta district of Assam

Abstract— The use of pesticide is increasing day by day and it causes a serious concern to the human health, especially some pesticides causes’ deleterious effect causing Cancer. Genotoxicity test has a special significance because it is one of the tests for cancer research and risk assessment. The sprayer has more risk because they directly cause in contact with pesticides. Pesticides may affect the DNA of the body cells of the sprayer and known to cause DNA damage. In this case control study DNA damage due to exposure of pesticides by the Agricultural workers of Jonia area of Barpeta district were assessed using the Comet assay. The result showed that the exposed workers had greater mean comet tail length than those of control i.e. 17.69±5.25 versus 10.72±7.89 (p=0.0034, t=3.8206). Among control group, smokers of exposed group have greater tail length than smokers of control group. When DNA damage in the form of comet tail length and frequency of blood leucocytes showing migration were further evaluated in study group. It was observed that although it is more in elders, vegetarian, alcoholics and smokers but it was it was found significant only in smokers than non smokers. Therefore the present studies suggest that exposure of pesticides and smoking habits may cause DNA damage.

Keywords: Agricultural workers, Pesticide, DNA damage.

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Status of oxidant and antioxidants in term newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: A case control design

Abstract— Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is due to failure to initiate and sustain breathing immediately after delivery which may leads to increase mortality and morbidity in these neonates. This may cause severe and permanent neuropsychological sequelae, including mental retardation, visual motor or visual perceptive dysfunction, increased hyperactivity, cerebral palsy and epilepsy. The brain damage may occur due to release of free radicals in HIE. So this case control study was conducted on 50 neonates with HIE and 25 healthy neonates with the aim to compare the status of oxidants and antioxidants in these both groups. It was observed that Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) was found with significantly increased in study group than control group i.e. 12.26±4.1 nmol/ml in study and 2.10±0.10 nmol/ml in control group. Among antioxidants, Catalase (30.42± 7.7 v/s 14.59± 4.7) and SOD (2.59± 0.4 v/s 1.54± 0.3) were found significantly increased whereas Vit E (1.36± 0.3 v/s 2.73± 0.6) was found significantly decreased in neonates with HIE than controls.

Keywords: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), Malonyldialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase and Vitamin E.

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Button cell battery as foreign body ingestion in children: A retrospective analysis in a tertiary care center

Abstract—Button cell foreign bodies are increasingly presented as foreign bodies in esophagus. Many a time no positive id on button cell and can be mistaken as foreign body coin and delayed for management. Retrospectively analyze of 19 admitted cases with foreign body ingestion in children for foreign body Lithium ion battery button cell in esophagus done with the aim to evaluate epidemiology, clinical presentation and duration of presentation, radiological findings, endoscopic findings and complications in such cases. Clinical record of patients with foreign body Button cell batteries was reviewed and compiled in Microsoft Excel sheet and descriptive and percentage analysis was done. There were 11 (57.89%) male patients and 8 female patients. History of foreign body battery cell was given by the parents of 10 children. 3 patients presented with respiratory complains. After history and radiological examination in 17 out of 19 patients presence of lithium cell battery was suspected prior to endoscopic removal. In 4 patients severe mucosal injury noted. It was concluded from this study that foreign body button cell can cause serious injuries to upper aerodigestive tract. These should be promptly removed.

Keywords: Foreign bodies, Button battery, Halo sign, Double rim sign.

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Cardiovascular risk factors analysis in young patients with proven coronary artery disease with special reference to dyslipidemia

Abstract— Dyslipidemia is a primary, widely established as an independent major risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Hence, this study was conducted with objective to find out associating risk factors in young CAD patients with special reference to dyslipidemia and its correlation of dyslipidemias & the type of obesity. A hospital Based observational descriptive study conducted on 30 patients of acute myocardial infarction below 40 years of age at department of medicine and Department of Cardiology. R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur. To infer the association, Chi Square test in qualitative data and ANOVA & Unpaired’t’ test for quantitative data was used. Most common symptoms in young patients with acute myocardial infarction were chest pain (93.33%), Amongst risk factors smoking was most common (66.66%). The most common type of myocardial injury in ECG was anterior type of infarction in 66.66% cases. Single risk factor for myocardial infarction was present in 23.33% of patients. Two risk factors were present in 20% of patients whereas 49.9% patients had three or more risk factors. 6.6% patients had no apparent risk factors. Both BMI and waist hip ratio were abnormal in 16.66%. Dyslipidemias were observed in 46.66% cases. Hypercholesterolemia and LDL dyslipidemia was the commonest abnormality detected in both overweight and centrally obese groups.

Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease, Dyslipidemia, Risk Factors.

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