Abstract— In the present study, it is proposed to characterize the physicochemical of the water of the Lower Sebou sub-basin in the Gharb region used mainly in irrigation. The physicochemical characterization of the raw waters of the Sebou revealed that this river is very loaded with mineral and organic matters and have a wide variation in the chemical composition:
*the electrical conductivity (EC), varies between a minimum of 629μS/cm and a maximum of 2370 μS/cm;
*the average pH is between 8 and 8.77. The pH is slightly basic but remains acceptable according to standard;
*the ammonium concentration varies between 0.04 and 2.66 mg/L;
*concentrations of nitrates NO3– have a maximum value of 196.9 mg/L and a minimum value of 0.24 mg/L;
*the concentration of ion Cl- has a maximum value of 385.53 mg/L and a minimum value of 145.55 mg/L;
*for sulfate ion SO4 –, the maximum concentrations is 359.29 mg /L and the minimum value is 37.62 mg /L;
*the maximum and minimum bicarbonate ion concentrations are 362.34 mg / L and 75.64 mg /L;
*calcium Ca2+ ion contents range from 220.4 to 97.6 mg /L;
* for magnesium ion Mg2 + the maximum concentration is 124.08 mg / L and the minimum value is 17.28 mg/L;
* Na + ion concentrations in water range from 2530 mg /L to 51 mg /L;
*K + ion concentrations in surface waters range from 17.55 mg /L to 2.54 mg /L.
In conclusion, this study shows that the waters of the lower Sebou have a high mineral load but remain within the limits of the Moroccan irrigation standard. The waters of the Sebou are too polluted and we recommend that all domestic and industrial wastewaters should be treated appropriately to reduce the nuisance to the receiving environment and to compensate for the loss of this coveted and prized water resource.
Keywords— Sebou River, Waters, Hydrochemistry, Agricultural, Irrigation, Gharb, Morocco.
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